Electronic Medical Record Management in Health Services: A Systematic Review of Benefits, Challenges, and Data Security

Ilma Nuria Sulrieni, Masdalena Masdalena, Imrah Sari

Abstract


Electronic medical records (EMR) are a core component of modern health information management systems, replacing manual record-keeping systems that are prone to incomplete and delayed data. Although many benefits have been reported, EMR implementation in health service facilities still faces various technical, organizational, and regulatory obstacles. This study aims to systematically examine the development, benefits, barriers, and data security aspects of electronic medical record management based on national and international literature. The method used is a systematic literature review with a narrative synthesis approach applied to articles published between 2016 and 2026, retrieved through Google Scholar, Garuda, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and DOAJ using the keywords “electronic medical record,” “electronic health record,” and “health information management.” A total of 24 articles meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed narratively. The review results show that EMR provides significant benefits for service efficiency, data accessibility, and coordination among healthcare workers, but implementation is still constrained by limited human resources, network infrastructure, user resistance, and suboptimal standard operating procedures. Patient data security and interoperability also remain major challenges. This review recommends strengthening regulations, providing ongoing training for medical record personnel, and developing integrated and secure systems as a policy basis for improving the quality of health information management.

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References


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