ANALISIS POTENSI INTERAKSI OBAT PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK (GGK) STADIUM AKHIR DI RUMAH SAKIT AULIA PEKANBARU

Tessa Amanda Primadhini; Dedy Almasdy; Almahdy A

doi:10.30633/jkms.v14i2.2173

ANALISIS POTENSI INTERAKSI OBAT PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK (GGK) STADIUM AKHIR DI RUMAH SAKIT AULIA PEKANBARU

Tessa Amanda Primadhini, Dedy Almasdy, Almahdy A

Abstract

Setiap tahun terjadi peningkatan prevalensi penyakit gagal ginjal kronik (GGK) stadium akhir atau End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) di Indonesia, seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk usia lanjut dan angka kejadian penyakit diabetes melitus dan hipertensi yang juga berpotensi terjadinya komplikasi penyakit lain dalam jangka panjang seperti anemia, kelainan mineral dan tulang, sehingga membutuhkan penggunaan berbagai macam obat (polifarmasi). Penggunaan obat dalam jumlah banyak dan dalam waktu yang lama akan meningkatkan kemungkinan terjadinya interaksi obat yang berisiko menurunkan efektivitas terapi dan memperburuk kondisi pasien. Penelitain ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien, jenis obat yang digunakan, potensi interaksi obat, tingkat keparahan dan mekanisme interaksi obat pada pasien GGK stadium akhir. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan total 112 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi periode Januari dan Desember 2022. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional, dan data dikumpulkan secara retrospektif. Analisis interaksi obat dilakukan berdasarkan software Drugs.com dan Drugbank.com dengan pengelompokan berdasarkan tingkat keparahan minor, sedang dan mayor. Hasil yang didapatkan, pasien dengan GGK sebagian besar berjenis kelamin laki-laki (55,36%), rentang usia ≥65 tahun (48,21%), lama perawatan ≤7 hari (60.71%), hipertensi (51,79%), jumlah penggunaan obat 6-10 jenis ( 56.25%) dan obat yang paling banyak digunakan adalah Furosemid (6,54%). Proporsi pasien yang mengalami kejadian interaksi obat sebesar 95% dengan kejadian interaksi terbanyak 1-3 kali (56,60%) dalam waktu penggunaan obat yang bersamaan. Interaksi obat yang paling sering terjadi adalah kombinasi Furosemide dan Omeprazole (8,73%). Proporsi tingkat keparahan kelompokkan dengan kategori minor (13,32%), moderat (13,32%) dan mayor (2,4%)

Keywords

GGK, ESRD, Polifarmasi, Interaksi Obat

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30633/jkms.v14i2.2173