Faktor Risiko Sosioekonomi Kejadian Kanker di Indonesia: Sebuah Studi Ekologi

Hukma Shabiyya; Defriman Djafri; Aria Gusti

doi:10.30633/jkms.v15i2.2756

Faktor Risiko Sosioekonomi Kejadian Kanker di Indonesia: Sebuah Studi Ekologi

Hukma Shabiyya, Defriman Djafri, Aria Gusti

Abstract

Kanker merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang memiliki angka kejadian dan kematian yang tinggi disebabkan oleh berbagai disparitas sosial. Berbagai penelitian terdahulu telah melaporkan hubungan antara faktor sosial dengan kejadian dan/atau kematian akibat kanker. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian ekologi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara prevalensi kanker dengan faktor risiko sosioekonomi (indeks pendidikan, persentase kemiskinan, upah minimum provinsi (UMP), tingkat partisipasi angkatan kerja, angka melek huruf (AMH), human development index (HDI), pengetahuan akses ke rumah sakit, pengetahuan akses ke Puskesmas, konsumsi rokok setiap hari, konsumsi rokok kadang-kadang, aktivitas fisik, dan konsumsi makanan berisiko) di 34 provinsi di Indonesia. Data prevalensi kanker bersumber dari Riskesdas 2018. Analisis deskriptif, bivariat dan multivariat dilakukan dalam penelitian. Prevalensi kanker tertinggi berada di DI Yogyakarta sebesar 4,86% dan prevalensi terendah berada di Nusa Tenggara Barat sebesar 0,85%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa variabel HDI dan pengetahuan akses ke rumah sakit berkorelas positif dengan prevalensi kanker. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa hanya variabel persentase pengetahuan akses ke rumah sakit yang secara statistik memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan prevalensi kanker di Indonesia pada tahun 2018. Sedangkan HDI dan aktivitas fisik merupakan confounder terhadap hubungan antara pengetahuan akses ke rumah sakit dengan prevalensi kanker

Keywords

Faktor Risiko; Kanker; Prevalensi Kanker; Sosioekonomi

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30633/jkms.v15i2.2756