PENDEKATAN DIAGNOSIS NYERI PUNGGUNG BAWAH PADA PETANI

Jyoti Krisna Murti

Abstract


Pendahuluan: Nyeri punggung bawah menjadi penyebab kecatatan nomor satu secara global. Petani berisiko terjadi nyeri muskuloskeletal terutama nyeri punggung bawah. Hal ini karena pekerjaan pertanian terdiri dari aktifitas fisik yang berat dan tingkat kerja manual yang tinggi seperti mengangkat dan membawa beban berat. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah literature review, yaitu literatur yang dikumpulkan dari beragam sumber yang terkait dengan pendekatan diagnosis nyeri punggung bawah pada petani. Hasil: Nyeri punggung bawah adalah gejala bukan penyakit dan dapat disebabkan oleh kondisi yang berbeda baik yang diketahui penyebabnya maupun tidak diketahui. Nyeri punggung bawah jarang terjadi pada dekade pertama kehidupan. Laki-laki lebih sering daripada perempuan. Diagnosis ditegakkan melalui anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik. Anamnesis dapat ditemukan keluhan utama berupa pegal-pegal atau nyeri lokal pada pinggang. Pada kasus cukup berat dapat menjalar ke tungkai atau muncul rasa baal pada punggung bawah. Pemeriksaan fisik dilakukan dengan inspeksi, gerakan, dan palpasi. Kesimpulan: Petani berisiko untuk terjadi nyeri muskuloskeletal terutama nyeri punggung bawah. Hal ini disebabkan karena postur kerja yang tidak baik sehingga menghasilkan beban pada tulang belakang lumbar yang menyebabkan fraktur mikto pada tulang belakang. Penegakkan diagnosis nyeri punggung bawah pada petani perlu dilakukan dengan baik agar tidak menimbulkan morbiditas dan dapat meningkatkan produktifitas kerja petani.

Kata Kunci: Nyeri Punggung Bawah, Petani


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30633/jsm.v5i1.1427

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