PERILAKU SWAMEDIKASI MASYARAKAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KOTA PALEMBANG

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Swamedikasi merupakan upaya masyarakat untuk mengobati gangguan yang didiagnosis sendiri tanpa berkonsultasi dengan praktisi medis dan tanpa pengawasan medis. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan terhadap perilaku swamedikasi masyarakat pada masa pandemi covid-19. Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Palembang bulan September 2020. Populasi yaitu masyarakat kota Palembang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 dengan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel dependen adalah perilaku swamedikasi masyarakat dan variabel independen karakteristik (usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pendapatan) dan pengetahuan swamedikasi masyarakat. Analisis data univariat dan  bivariat dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian didapatkan karakteristik paling banyak berusia 17-55 tahun 96% dengan jenis kelamin perempuan 64%, pendidikan terakhir perguruan tinggi/sederajat 62%, pekerjaan pelajar/mahasiswa 46% dengan pendapatan per bulan sebanyak <Rp 1.500.000,- yaitu 56%. Terdapat 3 penyakit yang sering di obati dengan swamedikasi yaitu demam 56%, flu 54% dan batuk 53%. Sebagian responden membeli obat di apotek 97%, informasi obat tersebut didapatkan dari pengalaman penggunaan obat pribadi/keluarga 74%. Distribusi pengetahuan dan perilaku swamedikasi masyarakat pada masa pandemi COVID-19 yaitu 96% baik. Hasil uji statistik chi square menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan terhadap perilaku swamedikasi masyarakat (p=0,564, p>0,05). Masyarakat yang memiliki perilaku swamedikasi baik sebagian besar pada masyarakat yang mempunyai pengetahuan swamedikasi baik juga.

Kata kunci : Pengetahuan; Perilaku Swamedikasi; Pandemi Covid-19

ABSTRACT

Self-medication is a community effort to treat self-diagnosed disorders without consulting a medical practitioner and without medical supervision. This study aims to determine the relationship of knowledge to community self-medication behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic. The desain of this research is analytic observational research with a crosssectional approach. The study was conducted in Palembang in September 2020. The population was the people of Palembang city with a total sample of 100 with a purposive sampling technique. The dependent variable is the community self-medication behavior and the independent variable characteristics (age, gender, education, occupation, income) and community self-medication knowledge. Univariate and bivariate data analysis using the chi-square test. The results showed that the most characteristics were aged 17-55 years 96% with the female gender 64%, the latest education is higher education / equivalent 62%, student work / student 46% with a monthly income of <IDR 1,500,000, - that is 56%. There are 3 diseases that are often treated with self-medication, namely fever 56%, flu 54% and cough 53%. Some of the respondents bought drugs at the pharmacy 97%, the information about the drug was obtained from the experience of using personal / family medicines. 74%. The distribution of knowledge and self-medicated behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic was 96% good. The results of the chi square statistical test showed that there was no significant relationship between knowledge and community self-medication behavior (p = 0.564, p> 0.05). People who have good self-medication behavior are mostly people who have good self-medication knowledge too.

Kata kunci : Knowledge; Self-medication behavior ; Covid-19 Pandemic