STUDI KERAWANAN KEJADIAN DIARE BERDASARKAN SARANA SANITASI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LUBUK BUAYA

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Kejadian Penyakit Diare dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan diantaranya kondisi sarana air bersih seperti sumur gali dan sarana pembuangan tinja yang digunakan tidak sesuai standar kesehatan. Kejadian diare di Indonesia termasuk di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Lubuk Buaya dengan kejadian diare tertinggi di Kota Padang dalam satu tahun terakhir. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kerawanan kejadian diare berdasarkan faktor risiko kondisi sumur gali dan kondisi sarana pembuangan tinja di wilayah kerja puskesmas Lubuk Buaya. Jenis Penelitian ini deskriptif melalui pendekatan Keruangan dalam Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) metode skor, bobot, dan overlay. Sampel secara purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 390 rumah yang memiliki sumur gali dan jamban yang dinilai berdasarkan tingkat risiko penularan. Hasil penelitian secara spasial menunjukan kerawanan tertinggi di Kelurahan Lubuk Buaya termasuk wilayah RW yang ditandai dengan warna merah. Kelurahan Pasie Nan Tigo, Batang Kabung/Ganting, dan Parupuk Tabing memiliki kerawanan sedang termasuk wilayah RW dengan warna kuning,  kecuali RW 13 Batang Kabung/Ganting, dan RW 3 Pasie Nan Tigo memiliki kerawanan rendah dengan warna hijau. Diharapkan sanitarian melakukan inspeksi berkala kepada rumah yang memiliki sumur gali dan jamban dengan risiko tinggi, serta melakukan penyuluhan interaktif terkait diare dan pencegahannya untuk menurunkan angka kejadian diare di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lubuk Buaya.

Kata Kunci : Diare; Kerawanan; Studi Keruangan

 ABSTRACT 

The risk of the occurrence of diarrhea is greatly influenced by environmental factors including the condition of clean water facilities such as dug wells and waste disposal facilities that used not in accordance with health standards. The incidence of diarrhea in Indonesia especially in Lubuk Buaya Health Center was the highest incidence of diarrhea in Padang City in the past year. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of diarrhea vulnerability based on risk factors for dug well conditions and fecal disposal facilities in Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center in 2020. This type of research is descriptive through the Spatial approach in the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) using the score, weight, and and overlays. The study was conducted in February 2020. Purposive sampling was taken with 390 samples houses that had dug wells and latrines assessed based on the level of risk of transmission in Lubuk Buaya Health Center. The results of the study spatially showed the highest level of vulnerability in Lubuk Buaya including RW areas marked in red. The Pasie Nan 3, Batang Kabung and Parupuk Tabing villages have moderate vulnerability, including the RW area in yellow, except RW 13 Batang Kabung, and the RW 3 Pasie Nan Tigo have a low vulnerability in green. Sanitarian have periodic inspection to home that dug well and latrine with highr risk and interactive counsellling to prevention and reduce of diarrhea in the work area health centre Lubuk Buaya

Keyword: Diarrhea, Vulneribility; Spatial Studies