HUBUNGAN USIA, JENIS KELAMIN, DAN STRES DENGAN STRATEGI KOPING PENGASUH KELUARGA PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA

Maidaliza Maidaliza; Kanaya Kafka Tabita; Qorry Suendi

doi:10.30633/jkms.v16i1.3210

HUBUNGAN USIA, JENIS KELAMIN, DAN STRES DENGAN STRATEGI KOPING PENGASUH KELUARGA PASIEN KANKER PAYUDARA

Maidaliza Maidaliza, Kanaya Kafka Tabita, Qorry Suendi

Abstract

Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu penyakit kronis yang tidak hanya berdampak pada pasien, tetapi juga secara signifikan mempengaruhi keluarga, khususnya pengasuh utama. Caregiver, yang umumnya berasal dari anggota keluarga dekat seperti pasangan, anak, atau saudara kandung, memegang peran penting dalam mendampingi pasien, baik secara fisik, emosional, maupun psikologis. Peran ini, meskipun mulia, sering kali menimbulkan tekanan dan stres, terutama ketika pasien mengalami gejala berat atau tidak mampu mengelola kondisinya dengan baik. Stres yang berkepanjangan tanpa disertai strategi koping yang efektif dapat memicu gangguan kesehatan fisik dan mental pada caregiver. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memberikan dukungan menyeluruh kepada pengasuh, misalnya melalui pelatihan mekanisme koping, layanan konseling, serta akses terhadap sumber daya dan komunitas pendukung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan tingkat stres dengan mekanisme koping caregiver keluarga yang merawat pasien kanker payudara. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional dan melibatkan 68 responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada Maret 2024 di RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square. Hasil menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara usia (p=0,054), jenis kelamin (p=0,575), dan tingkat stres (p=0,059) dengan mekanisme koping pengasuh. Meskipun tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan, penting untuk mengembangkan program pelatihan koping universal bagi caregiver, seperti teknik relaksasi, manajemen stres, dan terapi kognitif, agar kualitas hidup mereka tetap terjaga.

Kata Kunci: Caregiver, Kanker Payudara, Koping, Stres, Pendidikan, Usia

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30633/jkms.v16i1.3210